lkakautomotive.blogg.se - How to make a boxplot in excel 2010

However, straw is not easily degraded under natural conditions, especially in low-temperature areas, implying that the application of in situ processing technology can be severely limited (Gong et al. In situ straw return is an effective way to recycle straw resources, having the advantages of increasing soil fertility and regulating the soil microbial environment (Yang et al. With the ongoing development of global agriculture, discarded crop straw severely impacts agricultural sustainability and the wider environment (Harrison et al.

CFF improves straw degradation via positive interactions between soil microbes.

Soil microbial network structure and linkages between genera were altered.

Low-temperature and variable moisture conditions (10–30%) were compared.

Overall, our study demonstrates the alteration of indigenous microbial communities using bacterial agents (CFF) to overcome the limitations of indigenous microorganisms for in situ straw-return agriculture in low-temperature areas. Notably, with an increase in soil moisture, CFF enhanced the rate of corn straw degradation by inducing positive interactions between bacterial and fungal genera and enriching straw degradation-related microbial taxa. CFF application also changed the network structure and the species of key microbial taxa, promoting more linkages among microbial genera.

The results showed that CFF application significantly affected the α-diversity of bacterial communities and changed both bacterial and fungal community structures, enhancing the correlation between microbial communities and soil-moisture content. To this end, we explored the effect of the compound bacterial agent CFF constructed using Pseudomonas putida and Acinetobacter lwoffii, developed to degrade corn straw in low-temperature soils (15 ☌), on indigenous bacterial and fungal communities under dry (10% moisture content), slightly wet (20%), and wet (30%) soil-moisture conditions. Moisture is an important factor affecting microbial activity however, owing to a lack of bacterial agents adapted to low-temperature complex soil environments, the effects of soil moisture on the interaction between exogenous bacterial agents and indigenous soil microorganisms remain unclear. While the in situ return of corn straw can improve soil fertility and farmland ecology, additional bacterial agents are required in low-temperature areas of northern China to accelerate straw degradation.